2.基本结构:动词的原型(如果主语是第三人称单数,动词后面要加e/s)
is/am/are;做/做
否定形式:am/is/are not;如果这种状态的谓语动词是动作动词,则在其前面加don如果主语是第三人称单数,用not并还原动作动词。
3.一般问题:
把is/am/are动词放在句首;
用助动词do提问。如果第三人称的主语是单数,用does。同时还原动作动词。
4.使用
1)有规律的或习惯性的动作常与表示频率的时间状语连用。
例如,我每天早上7点钟回家上学。我每天早上七点离开家。
2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
地球运动围绕着太阳。地球绕着太阳转。
上海位于中国的东部。
3)表达格言或警句。
骄傲归于失败。骄傲归于失败。
注意:如果这种用法出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去式,从句的谓语也要用一般现在时。
哥伦布证明了地球是圆的。
4)目前的状态、能力、性格、人格。
我不想要那么多。
hewritesgoodenglingsbutdoesnotspeakwell。他英语写得很好,但说得不好。
5)一般现在时表示将来的意思。
A.以下动词的简单现在时来,去,到达,离开,开始,开始,返回可以表示将来,主要用来表示已经确定或按时间安排的事情。
比如火车明天早上6点发车。
thebusstar什么时候?它的星星十分钟。公共汽车什么时候离开?十分钟后。
B.在时间或条件句中。
例如,当比尔来的时候,请他等我。
当我到达那里时,我会给你写信。
2.基本结构:
was/were;行为动词的过去式
动词变化的分类:
肯定式:主语动词过去式其他
否定形式:主语没有谓语动词原型其他
曾经是/不是;在动作动词前加not,同时还原动作动词。
一般问题:主谓动词原型化了其他吗?2主语是表语吗?
按如下表格组织:
3.使用
1)过去某一时间的行为或状态。
时间状语包括:昨天、上周、安霍拉戈、前几天、1982年等。
比如:Wheredidyougojustnow?你刚才在哪里?
当谈论死者的情况时,我们经常使用过去式。
例如:他于1990年去世。
2)表示在过去一段时间内经常或习惯性的行为。
例如:whenwasachild,ioftenplayedbootballinthestreet。
当我还是个孩子的时候,我经常在马路上踢足球。
每当布朗来访时,他们都受到热烈欢迎。
那时,布朗一家无论走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。
注意:如果强调已经结束的习惯,要用usedtodo。
例如:
Heusedtodrinkalcohol。他过去常喝酒。
这意味着他不喝酒。饮用的动作被终止)
Iusedtotakeawalkinthemorning。
(意思是早上不要散步)
2.时间状语:可以用来表示现在进行时的时间状语,如now、thisweek、rightnow等。或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间,或者用look,listen(常用于句首,提醒听者正在发生的事情)。
3.基本结构:AM/IS/AREDING
否定形式:am/is/不在做。
一般疑问句:把be动词放在句首,主语be not doingsth。
>4.用法:
1)表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情,居中常表示时间的词是now,atthemoment。
例如:
Wearewaitingforyou.
我们正在等你。
Linda'sbrotheriswatchingTVinhisbedroomnow.
现在,琳达的哥哥正在他的卧室里看电视。
2)习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
例如:Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
3)表示渐变,这样的动词有:get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。
例如:Theleavesareturningred.叶子在变红。
Itsgettingwarmerandwarmer.天越来越热了。
4)与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
例如:
Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。
Thestudentsaremakingprogressconstantly.学生们在不断进步。
5)用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。
例如:Imleavingtomorrow.明天我要走了。
Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?你会在这儿呆到下周吗?
1)过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,常和表示过去的状语连用。
例如:(just)then那时,当时;atthis/thattime在这/那时yesterdayafternoon昨天下午;atnine在九点;lastnight昨晚;(at)thistimeyesterday在昨天这个时候
但在不少情况下,没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文来表示。
Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?昨晚九点的时候,你在做什么?
IwaswatchingTVathomeyesterdayafternoon.我昨天下午正在家里看电视。
Theywereplayingfootballatthistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球。
2)过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
常与thosedays,thewholemorning,from8:00to12:00lastnight等时间状语连用。
From1983to1998,hewasteachingatYale.从1983到1998年,他正在耶鲁大学教书。
Theywerebuildingabridgelastwinter.去年冬天他们正在造一座桥。
3)过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作,同样,过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作,常用在间接引语中。
LucyarrivedinBeijinglastFriday.ButshewasleavingforHongKongthenextmorning.上周五Lucy到达北京,但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。
Sheaskedhimifhewascomingbackforlunch.她问他午饭是否准备回来吃。
4)过去进行时与频度副词alwaysforever,continually,constantly等连用时表示过去经常反复的动作,常常带有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。
Mysisterwasalwaysforgettingthings.(表示埋怨)
Hewasalwayshelpingothers.(表示赞扬)
1)表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作。
时间状语:tomorrow,soon, nextMonday, nextyear,nextweekend,thisafternoon,thisevening……
2)willdo
表示主观意愿做某事。
Iwillseeamoviethismorning.
表示客观的不以人的意志为转移的客观将来。
Fishwilldiewithoutwater.
表示临时决定。
——Mom,whereisthenewspaper?
——Waitamoment.Iwillgetitforyou.
3) begoingto+do
表示计划,安排要发生的事。
Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。
表示有迹象要发生的事
Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.
立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语:thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.
HesaidhewouldgotoBeijingthe
Ididn'tknowifshewasgoingtocome。
WangLeisaidthatshewasgoingtovisitherunclenextSaterday。
1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词:already,yet,just,ever,never,before
Ihavefinishedmyhomework.我做完家庭作业了。(过去某时开始做,到现在已完成。)
2)表示:过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,并且有可能继续下去。
标志词:for,since,since…ago
IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.我已经学了六年英语了。
(六年前开始学英语,一直学到现在,也可能继续学也可能就此不学了。)
3)have/hasgoneto、have/hasbeento和have/hasbeenin的区别
have/hasgoneto去了,在去某地的路上或在某地,人还未回来
have/hasbeento曾经去过,人已经回来了
have/hasbeenin已经在,常与一段时间连用
如:HehasbeentoShenyangbefore.他以前曾去过沈阳。
HehasbeeninShenyangfortenyears.他在沈阳10年了。
HashegonetoShenyang?他去沈阳了吗?
4)非延续性动词不能用“现在完成时+表示一段时间的状语”的句型中。
这类动词有:come,go,start,leave,die,buy,finish,join,borrow,stop等。
但能够用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的非延续性性动词。
arrive,come→behere,
die→bedead
finish,end→beover
goout→beout
join→bein
borrow→keep
finish/end→beover
close→beclosed
leave,move→beaway
fallasleep→beasleep
1)以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
Assoonaswegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.
2)在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。
Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.
3)过去完成时的时间状语before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。
HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.
Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegantomakealivingbyhimself.
Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.
动词时态专项训练(一):
单项选择题:
()1.There_______nohospitalsinmyhometownfiftyyearsago.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
()2.---Whosingsbestinyourclass?
---Jenny_______.
A.do
B.did
C.does
D.hasdone
()3.---_____theyounggirl_____theoldmancleanhisroomeveryday?
---Yes,shedoes.
A.Does;help
B.Has;helped
C.Did;help
D.Do;helps
()4.---CanIgotoBeijingformyholiday,Dad?
---Youcanwhenyou_______abitolder.
A.willget
B.get
C.aregetting
D.got
()5.---WhatdoesLindaoftendointheevening?
---Sheoften_______herhomework,butontheeveningofMarch12she_______TV.
A.does;watches
B.isdoing;watched
C.does;watched
D.isdoing;waswatching
()6.Ourgeographyteachertoldusyesterdaythattheearth_______aroundthesun.
A.wasmoving
B.moved
C.hasmoved
D.moves
()7.Ifhe_______harder,hewillcatchupwithussoon.
A.study
B.studies
C.willstudy
D.studied
()8.---Don’tforgettoaskhimtowritetome.
---Iwon’t.Assoonashe_______,I’llaskhimtowritetoyou.
A.willcome
B.came
C.comes
D.iscoming
()9.---Doyoulikethissilkdress?
---Yes,Ido.It_______sosoftandcomfortable.
A.isfeeling
B.feels
C.hasfelt
D.isfelt
()10.Oh,it’syou.I’msorryI_______knowyou_______here.
A.don’t;are
B.didn’t;are
C.didn’t;were
D.don’t;were
Key:1-5DCABC6-10DBCBC
动词时态专项训练(二):
单项选择:
1.WhereUncleSunyesterday?
A.wasB.wereC.didD.does
2.TheygoingtoseeMr.Suntomorrow.
A.isB.areC.amD.be
3.Someareintheriverandsomearegames.
A.swiming,playing
B.swimming,plaiing
C.swimming,playing
D.swimming,plaing
4.WhereisDick?Hetothereading-room.
A.hasbeenB.went
C.hasgoneD.goes
5.MarkTwain,anAmericanwriter,everybodyhere.
A.knowsB.isknownas
C.isknowntoD.isknownfor
6.Ihopehewillcometoseemebeforehehere.
A.leaveB.leavesC.willleaveD.left
7.MyteachertoldmethatAustraliansEnglish.
A.spokeB.speak
C.speaksD.arespeaking
8.Ithinksherightnow.
A.readingB.readsC.isreadingD.read
9.----Wherearethechildren?
----Theyagoodtimeinthegarden.
A.arehavingB.haveC.havehadD.had
10.-----Wheremyglasses?Ican’tfindthem.
----Ithemonthebookshelf,buttheyaren’tthere.
A.youput,put
B.youhaveput,haveput
C.haveyouput,put
D.didyouput,haveput
11.Whenthepolicearrived,themanfor10minutes.
A.diedB.wasdeath
C.haddiedD.hadbeendead
12.Bythetimethistalkisover,wealotabouttheearth.
A.willbelearningB.arelearning
C.worldlearnD.willhavelearnt
13.Theteacherstoldmethattheymetosmoothawaythedifficulties.
A.helpedB.willhelp
C.helpD.weregoingtohelp
14.----Haveyouseenhimtoday?
----Yes,Ihimthismorning.
A.hasseenB.seeC.willseeD.saw
15.Heworriedwhenheheardthisnews.
A.isB.wasC.doesD.did
16.What’syourfriendgoingnextweek.
A.doingB.doC.doesD.todo
17.Idon’tthinkthatit’strue.He’salwaysstrangestories.
A.tellB.tellingC.toldD.tells
18.HaveyoueverWestHillFarm?
A.gonetoB.arrivedC.cometoD.beento
19.Howlonghethenovel?
A.has,borrowedB.has,kept
C.has,lentD.is,using
20.Hetodothislessonsateighteveryevening.
A.isbeginingB.isbeginning
C.beginD.begins
21.Thechildrenaswimthisafternoon.
A.aregoingtohas
B.isgoingtohave
C.arehaving
D.aregoingtohave
22.ThereatelephonecallformybrotherStevenyesterday.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
23.heonwellwithhisfriendsthisterm?
A.Does,getsB.Does,get
C.Is,gettingD.Is,geting
24.Whoawaymypen?Ican’tfindit.
A.haventakenB.takes
C.hastakenD.took
25.ShallwefootballthisSaturday?
A.playB.playingC.playsD.toplay
26.Thechildrenatschoolnow.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
27.Mr.Smithshortstories,butheaTVplaythesedays.
A.iswriting,iswriting
B.iswriting,writes
C.writes,iswriting
D.writes,writes
28.Hesaidhetheleaguefortwoyears.
A.hasjoinedB.hasbeenin
C.hadbeeninD.joined
29.Shelikeswateringtreesinthegarden,she?
A.doesn’tB.don’t
C.isn’tD.didn’t
30.Whatyoutodotokeeptheroomclean?
A.do,haveB.does,have
C.did,haveD.are,have
31.SomeflowersbyKatealready.
A.havebeenwateredB.watered
C.havewateredD.hasbeenwatered
32.Whenwintercomes,theleavesfall.
A.aregoingtoB.will
C.willbeD.would
33.Itothecinema.IthereeverySunday.
A.go,go
B.amgoing,go
C.go,amgoing
D.amgoing,amgoing
34.Youaboutthefuturenow,you?
A.don’tthink,don’t
B.aren’tthinking,aren’t
C.don’tthink,do
D.aren’tthinking,are
35.Hewasafraidthathehisway.
A.wouldlostB.wouldlose
C.isgoingtoD.shalllose
36.Weeachothersincehelefthere.
A.didn’tseeB.hadn’tseen
C.haven’tseenD.hadseen
37.Mr.Smithoutforawalkintheparkeveryday.
A.isgoingB.goesC.wentD.go
38.Hefromhomeforalongtime.
A.hasgoneawayB.hadgoneaway
C.hasleftD.hasbeenaway
39.Youmustn’tgotoohigh,oryoudangerous.
A.willbeB.areC.wouldbeD.isgoingto
40.Wehaveknowneachother.
A.sincewewereyoungB.afterwewereyoung
C.whenweareyoungD.ifweareyoung
41.Shepromisedshedobetterwork.
A.wouldB.willC.shallD.isgoingto
42.Howlonghasthisshop?
A.beopenB.beenopen
C.openedD.beenopened
43.Mr.Smithheresincehemovedtohiscity.
A.hadlivedB.havelive
C.havelivedD.haslived
44.----Haveyoureadthenewspaper?
----No,Ihaven’t.
A.tooB.yetC.justD.already
45.Ourknowledgeoftheuniverseallthetime.
A.growB.isgrowing
C.growsD.grew
46.Shewon’tgotothecinemaifshetheworktomorrow.
A.doesn’tfinishB.won’tfinish
C.willfinishD.finish
47.Mygrandmaforhalfayear.
A.hasbeendeadB.wasdead
C.hasdiedD.died
48.ShetotheGreatWallseveraltimes.
A.goesB.hasgone
C.wentD.hasbeen
49.Theearthroundthesun.
A.moveB.moves
C.movedD.willmove
50.LiuFengweithreeyuanforthelostlibrarybook.
A.paidB.spentC.costD.took
51.Ithebikeforoverfouryears.
A.haveboughtB.havebuy
C.havehadD.bought
52.Hetoldusthathethatfactorythenextday.
A.hadvisitedB.hasvisited
C.willvisitD.wouldvisit
53.HismotherthePartylastyear.SheaPartymemberforayear.
A.joined,was
B.hasjoined,is
C.joined,hasbeen
D.hasjoined,hasbeen
54.Wedon’tknowifitthedayaftertomorrow.
A.willrainB.rains
C.rainedD.wouldrain
55.Hesaidhehislifeforhiscountry.
A.giveB.gaveC.hadgivenD.wouldgive
56.HealwaystotheparkonSundaymorning.
A.goB.goesC.wentD.isgoing
57.Look,thestudentstotheteachercarefully.
A.islisteningB.arelistening
C.listenD.listened
58.Heinthisschoolin1958.
A.taughtB.hastaught
C.teachesD.hadtaught
59.TheysaidtheytoEnglandthenextday.
A.willflyB.hadflown
C.wouldflyD.flew
60.Theytheworkintwodays.
A.hadfinishedB.wouldfinished
C.isfinishingD.willfinish
61.Bytheendoflastweek,wetwothousandwords.
A.wouldlearnB.havelearned
C.hadlearnedD.werelearning
62.Whenheleft,hismother.
A.iscookingB.cooked
C.wascookingD.cooks
63.We’llgotoplaywithsnowifittomorrow.
A.snowB.snows
C.willsnowD.snowed
64.Therenomilkintheglass.
A.haveB.hasC.areD.is
65.Thetrainwhenwegottothestation.
A.hasjustleftB.hadjustleft
C.leavesD.left
66.DrSmithisnotathome.Hetowork.
A.hasgoneB.hasbeen
C.hadbeenD.hadgone
67.ThatmanknowsalotaboutNewYork.Iheardhebefore.
A.hadgonetothecity
B.hadbeeninthere
C.hadbeenthere
D.hadbeenNewYork
68.TheartisttoEurope.Heistherenow.
A.hasgoneB.hasbeen
C.hadgoneD.hadbeen
69.MissBrownsaidshenevertoNorthChinabefore.
A.has,goneB.has,been
C.had,goneD.had,been
70.Whatyourgrandmathistimeyesterday?
A.is,doingB.was,doing
C.did,doD.had,done
71.ItoseethefilmbecauseIhavelostmyticket.
A.won’tgoB.didn’tgo
C.don’tgoD.haven’tgone
72.ThestudentswillhaveafootballmatchifitfinenextSaturday.
A.willbeB.wouldbe
C.wasD.is
73.SheaskedmeifIthestorybefore.
A.havereadB.hadread
C.wouldreadD.willread
74.Whattheyateightyesterdayevening?
A.are,doingB.did,do
C.have,doneD.were,doing
75.Youcan’tseehimnowbecauseheanimportantmeeting.
A.ishavingB.have
C.hasD.washaving
76.Itomybrothersincelastsummer.
A.didn’twriteB.hadn’twritten
C.haven’twrittenD.don’twrite
77.LiPingwillvisittheGreatWallassoonashefree.
A.willbeB.isC.wasD.hasbeen
78.OnedaywhenIthepostofficeImyuncle.
A.pass,seeB.waspassing,saw
C.passed,sawD.pass,saw
79.Hehesomemistakesinthetest.
A.said,willmakeB.said,made
C.said,hadmadeD.said,make
80.Theytiredsotheystoppedarest.
A.are,haveB.were,have
C.were,tohaveD.are,having
81.Myfathereveryday.
A.takesawalkB.tookwalk
C.takeawalkD.istakingawalk
82.Maryissevenyearsold.Sheeightnextyear.
A.isB.willC.wasD.willbe
83.Atableandmanychairsmadebyhimyesterday.
A.wasB.were
C.arebeingD.wasbeing
84.I’llgowithyouassoonasImywork.
A.willfinishB.shallfinish
C.finishD.finished
85.Treesgreeninspring.
A.turnB.turns
C.wouldturnD.isturning
86.YesterdayIinbedalldaybecauseIhadafever.
A.layB.lieC.laidD.lain
87.Hello,Mike.It’syou.IyouinBeijing.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?
A.don’tknow,were
B.hadn’tknow,are
C.haven’tknown,are
D.didn’tknow,were
88.A:Whenagain?
B:Whenhe.I’llletyouknow.
A.hecomes,comes
B.willbecome,willcome
C.hecomes,willcome
D.willhecome,comes
89.Thelastbus.Ihadtowalkhome.
A.hadgoneB.havegone
C.wentD.hasgone
90.A:Areyoumakingcakes?B:.
A.Yes,IdoB.Yes,Iam
C.Yes,I’mD.Yes,I’mmaking
91.----Whattime?
----Mywatch.
A.itis,stoppedB.isit,hasstopped
C.itis,hasstoppedD.isit,isstopping
92.WhatonSunday?
A.doeshesometimesdo
B.isheoftendoing
C.hashedone
D.isusuallyhedo
93.DidyouhearsomeoneatthedoorwhenyouTVlastnight?
A.knock,waswatching
B.knock,watching
C.knock,werewatching
D.knock,arewatching
94.ThatJapaneseknowstheSaltLakeCity.Iheardhebefore.
A.alotof,hadbeenthere
B.alotabout,hadbeenthere
C.lot,hadbeenthere
D.alotof,hadgonethere
95.Assoonaswesawhisface,wethenewsbad.
A.knew,wasB.know,were
C.know,wasD.know,were
96.ReadingEnglishmagazinesandnewspapershelpfultoyourstudyofEnglish.
A.isB.areC.willD.isgoingtodo
97.Mary,whatdoing?
A.sheisB.areyouC.youareD.is
98.A:Isthisanewradio?B:No,Iitforfiveyears.
A.haveB.havehad
C.hadhadD.willhave
99.I’msurehewillcometoseemebeforeheBeijing.
A.willleaveB.isleaving
C.wouldleaveD.leaves
100.Itseemedthathesomethingexpensive.
A.havelostB.lost
C.hadlostD.haslosted
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